Cuphea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lythraceae, which contains approximately 260 species. The genus is native to North, Central, and South America, with some species, also found in Africa and Asia. Cuphea plants are known for their brightly colored flowers that are typically long and narrow with two rounded petals at the top.
Our Selection of Cuphea
At Martin Garden Center, we carry several varieties of Cuphea, each with their own unique appeal. Cuphea ignea, commonly known as cigar plant for its thin, elongated orange-red flowers, has been difficult to source from our vendors, so we grow the Proven Winners variety ‘Vermillionaire’ ourselves. Cuphea hyssopifolia, or Mexican heather, produces delicate lavender-colored blooms, and we keep the purple variety in stock throughout spring and summer, while the less common white variety is brought in whenever available. Cuphea llavea, better known as bat-faced cuphea, is a customer favorite, and we rely on our vendors to supply it each season.
We are growing the following varieties in 2025:
- David Verity
- Enchantia Purple
- Enchantia White
- Firecracker
- Floriglory Diana
- Honeybells
- Hummingbirds Lunch
- Mexicana
- Vermillionaire
Growing and Caring for Cuphea
Cuphea thrives in full sun to partial shade and prefers well-draining soil. It is relatively drought-tolerant once established, but regular watering during dry periods is essential to maintain optimal growth and vibrant blooms. Fertilize the plant with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer every 4 to 6 weeks during the growing season can promote healthy foliage and vibrant flowering.
Deadheading is not necessary because these plants are self-cleaning. However, pruning or pinching these plants can help maintain their compact and bushy growth habit, creating a tidy and well-shaped appearance. Cuphea is generally pest-resistant, but it’s still advisable to monitor for any signs of pests or diseases and address them promptly if detected.
Leaves and Flowers
The leaves of Cuphea are typically small, elongated, and lance-shaped. Depending on the variety, they can range in color from deep green to bronze or burgundy. Cuphea leaves are often glossy and have a slightly serrated edge, creating a textured and visually appealing foliage display. The foliage adds a touch of elegance and serves as a beautiful backdrop for the striking flowers that Cuphea produces.
Cuphea flowers are a highlight of these plants, as they are usually vibrant and eye-catching. The flowers come in shades of red, pink, purple, orange, and white, depending on the species or cultivar. They have unique shapes, with tubular or bell-shaped petals, and often feature contrasting colors or patterns. They are also valued for attracting pollinators such as bees and butterflies.
Uses in the Garden
Cuphea is excellent for edging garden beds, borders, or pathways. Its petite stature allows it to create neat and defined edges, providing a subtle yet impactful border to larger plants or hardscape elements. Cuphea’s continuous blooming throughout the growing season adds a burst of color, enhancing the overall visual appeal of the garden.
Beyond its decorative function, Cuphea is valued for its attraction to pollinators, particularly hummingbirds and butterflies. The tubular flowers of Cuphea, often resembling tiny bat faces, produce nectar that entices these flying visitors. By incorporating Cuphea into garden designs, not only do you achieve a delightful aesthetic, but you also contribute to creating a pollinator-friendly environment.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Cuphea Annual or Perennial?
Cuphea is grown as an annual in colder regions where frost can occur, as it may not survive winter temperatures. However, if you are willing to be patient, both the bat-faced and the cigar cuphea has been known to come back as a perennial during our milder winters.
How To Propagate Cuphea?
- Propagation from Seeds: Collect seeds from mature Cuphea plants after the flowering period. Sow the seeds indoors in seed-starting trays or pots about 6-8 weeks before the last expected frost date. Lightly press the seeds into the soil, as they require light to germinate. Keep the soil consistently moist and provide warmth for germination. Once the seedlings have developed several leaves and the danger of frost has passed, transplant them into the garden or larger containers.
- Propagation from Cuttings: Take 4-6 inch stem cuttings from a healthy Cuphea plant. Cut just below a leaf node. Remove the leaves from the lower half of the cutting and dip the cut end in the rooting hormone to encourage root development. Plant the cutting in a well-draining rooting medium (a mix of perlite and peat works well). Keep the cutting moist and place it in a warm, bright location. Once roots have developed, transplant the cutting into a larger container or the garden.
- Propagation by Division: Divide mature Cuphea plants during the spring when new growth is starting. Gently lift the plant from the soil, exposing the root system. Use a sharp knife or garden spade to divide the plant into sections, ensuring that each section has roots and some foliage. Replant the divided sections in the garden or individual containers. Water the newly divided plants well and provide appropriate care until they establish themselves.
Is Cuphea Poisonous To Dogs?
Cuphea is not listed as a toxic plant for dogs. The plant is not known to cause toxicity if ingested in small amounts.