Erysimum, commonly known as Wallflower, is a genus of flowering plants that belongs to the Brassicaceae family. This genus includes around 180 species of annuals, biennials, and perennials that are native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa. Wallflowers are prized for their showy flowers and easy-to-grow nature.
The size of Wallflowers varies depending on the species, but they generally range from 6 inches to 3 feet in height. The leaves of Wallflowers are typically lance-shaped or oval, with a slightly wavy or toothed edge. The leaves can be either green or gray-green, depending on the species. Some Wallflowers have a distinct aromatic foliage that smells of cloves or cinnamon. Wallflowers are most famous for their flowers, which come in yellow, orange, red, and purple. The flowers are usually small, but they grow in large clusters that can create a stunning display. The shape of the flowers is also quite distinctive, with four petals arranged in a cross shape.
Wallflowers are relatively easy to grow and can thrive in various growing conditions. They prefer well-draining soil that is slightly alkaline, but they can also grow in poor soil as long as it is well-draining. Wallflowers require full sun to bloom at their best, but they can tolerate partial shade. They are also drought-tolerant once established, making them an excellent choice for gardeners in hot and dry climates.
Depending on the species and climate, Wallflowers can be grown as annuals, biennials, or perennials. Annual Wallflowers are typically grown from seed and will bloom in their first year. Biennial Wallflowers are grown as seedlings and will bloom in their second year. Finally, perennial Wallflowers are usually grown from cuttings or division and will bloom year after year.
Wallflowers work well in traditional cottage gardens but can also be used in modern and minimalist landscapes. They are often used as border plants, creating a low, bushy profile that can help define a garden bed. Wallflowers can also be used in rock gardens, container gardens, or as ground covers.